A sample of HCl gas is placed in an electric field of 2.5 x 104 N/C. The dipole moment of each HCl molecule is 3.4 x 10-30 C-m. Find the maximum torque that can act on a molecule.
The correct answer is aa(A) (C)
(a) The flux of the electric field through the sphere is zero.
(c) The electric field is not zero anywhere on the sphere.
(i) In stable equilibrium the dipole moment is parallel to the direction of electric field (i.e., θ = 0).
(ii) In unstable equilibrium P.E. is maximum, so θ = π so...
P = 3 x 10-8cm ; E =104N/C
At stable equilibrium (θ1 ) = 0°
At unstable equilibrium (θ2) =180°
Work done in rotating dipole is given by:
W = PE (cosθ1 - cosθ2 )
=...
Dipole moment P =5 x10-4Cm.
Electric field (E) =104N/C
At stable equilibrium θ1 = 0°
At unstable equilibrium θ2 =180°
Work done = - PE (cosθ2 - cosθ1)
= -(5 x 10-8 ) (104 )...