In the following questions, there are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R) : Assertion (A) : Municipal corporations are formed in big cities having a definite area and population. Reason (R) : Urban administrations of big cities are very complex in nature. In the context of the above two statements which of the following is correct?

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  1. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion (A)
  2. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not correct explanation of Assertion (A)
  3. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false
  4. Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true

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Option 1 : Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion (A)

The correct answer is option 1.

  • Constitution (Seventy Forth Amendment) Act, 1992 has introduced a new Part IXA in the Constitution, which deals with Municipalities in an article 243 P to 243 ZG.
  • The Metropolitan area in the country is an area where the population is above 10 Lakh. (Article 243P).
  • Three Kinds of Municipalities- Article 243Q provides for the establishment of 3 kinds of Municipalities of every state.
    • ​Nagar Panchayat: A Nagar Panchayat is for those areas which are transitional areas i.e. transiting from Rural areas to Urban areas. “Governor” will by public notice, will define these three areas based upon the population, density of population, revenue generated for local administration, % of employment in Non-agricultural activities and other factors. Further, a Governor may also if, he fits it necessary, based upon the industrial establishments, can specify the Industrial Townships by public notice.
    • Municipal Council: A Municipal council is for a smaller urban area. A Municipal Council (also known as Municipality, Nagar Palika, or Nagar Palika Parishad) is an Urban Local Body that administers a city of population 100,000 or more.
    • Municipal Corporation: A Municipal Corporation is an example of local self-government in urban areas. It administers an urban area with a population of more than one million. It is meant for big cities and metropolitan cities.
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