Write the outer electronic configuration of the following using orbital notation method. Justify. A. Ge (belongs to period 4 and group 14)

Question

Write the outer electronic configuration of the following using orbital notation method. Justify.

A. Ge (belongs to period 4 and group 14)

B. Po (belongs to period 6 and group 16)

C. Cu (belongs to period 4 and group 11)

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Salim Ahmed Kawsar · Answer 1 · Feb 05, 2023 15:29:48

A. Ge (belongs to period 4 and group 14) :

a. Ge belongs to period 4.

Therefore,

n = 4.

b. Group 14 indicates that the element belongs to the p-block of the modem periodic table.

c. The general outer electronic configuration of group 14 elements is ns²np².

d. Thus, the outer electronic configuration of Ge is 4s² 4p².

B. Po (belongs to period 6 and group 16) :

a. Po belongs to period 6.

Therefore,

n = 6.

b. Group 16 indicates that the element belongs to the p-block of the modem periodic table.

c. The general outer electronic configuration of group 16 elements is ns² np⁴.

d. Thus, the outer electronic configuration of Po is 6s² 6p⁴.

C. Cu (belongs to period 4 and group 11) :

a. Cu belongs to period 4.

Therefore,

n = 4.

b. Group 11 indicates that the element belongs to the d-block of the modem periodic table.

c. The general outer electronic configuration of the d-block elements is ns^0-2 (n-1)d^1-10.

d. The expected configuration of Cu is 4s² 3d⁹.

However,

The observed configuration of Cu is 4s¹ 3d¹⁰.

This is due to the extra stability associated with completely filled d-subshell.

Thus,

The outer electronic configuration of Cu is 4s¹ 3d¹⁰.

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