Not all parasitism involves feeding on the body of the host. The exception is

1. Ectoparasitism

2. Endopasitism

3. Parasitoids

4. Brood Parasitism Choose the option from the codes given below:

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) 3 only (d) 4 only


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(d) Brood parasites are organisms that use the strategy of brood parasitism, a kind of kleptoparasitism found among birds, fish or insects, involving the manipulation and use of host individuals either of the same (intraspecific brood-parasitism) or different species (interspecific brood-parasitism) to raise the young of the brood-parasite.

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