Explain why cations are smaller and anions are larger in size than their parent atom.

Monjur Alahi

 Explain why cations are smaller and anions are larger in size than their parent atom. 


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Salim Ahmed Kawsar

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The ionic radius of the cation is always smaller than the parent atom because the loss of one or more electrons increases the effective nuclear charge. As a result, the force of attraction of nucleus for the electrons increases and hence, the ionic radii decreases. In contrast, the ionic radius of an anion is always larger than its parent atom because the addition of one or more electrons decreases the effective nuclear charge. As a result, the force of attraction of the nucleus for the electrons decreases and hence the ionic radii increases

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