Passage

All humans digest mother’s milk as infants, but until cattle began being domesticated 10,000 years ago, children once weaned no longer needed to digest milk. As a result, they stopped making the enzyme lactase, which breaks down the sugar lactose into simple sugars. After humans began herding cattle, it became tremendously advantageous to digest milk, and lactose tolerance evolved independently among cattle herders in Europe, the middle East and Africa. Groups not dependant on cattle, such as the Chinese and Thai, remain lactose intolerant.
 

 Which among the following is the most logical assumption that can be made from the above passage?
(a) About 10,000 years ago, the domestication of animals took place in some parts of the world
(b) A permanent change in the food habits of a community can bring about a genetic change in its members
(c) Lactose tolerant people only are capable of getting simple sugars in their bodies
(d) People who are not lactose tolerant cannot digest any dairy product


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(b) Genetic alteration arises from the introduction of a new practice, and subsequent follow up of the same. In this case, a particular modification in the food habit of the cattle herders resulted in a massive change in the genetic constitution.

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(b) (a) is clearly wrong as the passage nowhere talks about discretionpower in all matters of administration. It talks about certain situations mentioned in the 1st sentence. 

(b) is correct as the passage talks about the supremacy of rules and safeguards, refer last sentence. Further the 3rd sentence, 'Where discretion has to be ................ misuse of that power'reinforces the prevalence of rules and safeguards as opposed to the influence of exclusive discretion of authority. 

(c) is wrong as it negates what the passage mean by Parliamentary democracy - authorized by the people.

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