The sum of all electromagnetic forces between different particles of a system of charged particles is zero.

Monjur Alahi

The sum of all electromagnetic forces between different particles of a system of charged particles is zero.

(a) only if all the particles are positively charged
(b) only if all the particles are negatively charged
(c) only if half the particles are positively charged and half are negatively charged
(d) irrespective of the signs of the charges.


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Salim Ahmed Kawsar

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Sir /Madam,
My  daughter chose the last one "irrespective of the signs of the charges"  which is option d  but her school teacher is saying option (C) . can some one say  why option C  is wrong .

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Salim Ahmed Kawsar

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(d) irrespective of the signs of the charges.

Explanation:

The sum of all electromagnetic forces between different particles of a system of charged particles is zero irrespective of the sign of the charges, because electromagnetic force is a vector quantity that depends upon the direction. So, we consider the directions while adding vector quantities.

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