Differentiate between biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances with the help of one example each. List two changes in habit that people must adopt to dispose non biodegradable waste, for saving the environment.
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| Biodegradable wastes | Non-biodegradable wastes |
| Waste materials which can be broken down into harmless substance in nature in due course of time by the action of microorganisms such as certain bacteria are called biodegradable wastes
Example: cattle dung, wool, paper, compost |
Waste material which cannot be broken down into harmless substances by the action of microorganisms in nature are called non-biodegradable wastes.
Example: Plastics, polythene bags, metal articles, glass objects. |
People should adopt following changes in habit:
(a) Dispose household waste, chemical waste and hospital waste in a landfill.
(b) Broken plastic articles such as buckets, bowls, cups, plates, etc., should be sent to plastic processing factories.
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Difference between biodegradable and non- biodegradable substances :
| S.No. | Biodegradable Substance | Non-biodegradable Substance |
| (i) | The substance which are broken down into simple harmless substance in nature in due course of time by the biological processes such as action of micro-organisms. | The substances which cannot be broken down into simpler, harmless substances in nature. These substances may be in solid, liquid or gaseous form and may be inert and accumulate in the environment. |
| (ii) | Examples : Domestic waste products, sewage. | Examples - DDT and polythene bags. |
Two methods of disposal of non-biodegradable waste are:
(i) Recycling : The wastes are treated and same value materials are extracted for reuse.
(ii) Incineration : Medical and toxic waste are burnt at high temperature in incineration. Incinerators transform the waste into ashes.
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