What is Stolypin wagon?

Stolypin car is a type of railroad carriage in the Russian Empire, Soviet Union, and modern Russia.

During the Stolypin reform in Russia around the turn of the century, which gave the Russian peasantry an opportunity to voluntary resettle in Siberia, get a huge plot of land and no-interest money loan as a part of Stolypin Agricultural reform, a special type of carriage was introduced for these settlers. It consisted of two parts: a standard passenger compartment for a peasant and his family and a large zone for their livestock and agricultural tools.

After the Bolshevik Revolution, Cheka and NKVD found these carriages convenient for transport of larger numbers of incarcerated convicts and exiles: the passenger part was used for prison guards, whereas the cattle part was used for prisoners.