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Impartial culture or the culture of indifference is a probabilistic model used in social choice theory for analyzing ranked voting method rules.
The model is understood to be unrealistic, and not a good representation of real-world voting behavior, however, it is useful for mathematical comparisons of voting methods under reproducible, worst-case scenarios.
The model assumes that each voter provides a complete strict ranking of all the candidates , which is drawn from a set of all possible rankings. For m {\displaystyle m} candidates, there are m ! {\displaystyle m!} possible strict rankings.
There are three variations of the model that use different subsets of the full set of possible rankings, so that different election permutations are drawn with different probabilities: