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Option 4 : None
The correct answer is None.
- Livestock in India:
- The livestock census in India takes place every 5 years.
- The first census was done during 1919-1920. After that, it is done every 5 years.
- Livestock censuses have been conducted by the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, and Dairying, in participation with State Governments and UT Administrations.
- The last Livestock census was done in 2019. According to the Livestock census 2019:
- India has the world's largest livestock population.
- With a cattle population of 192.49 million, India has the largest number of cattle in the world. Hence, statement (a) is correct.
- With a buffalo population of 109.85 million, India has about 50% of the total population of buffaloes of the world. Hence, statement (c) is correct.
- Even though India has the highest cow population yet its average milk yield is very low. Due to this reason, it is called teacup cow. Hence statement (b) is correct.
- Since the cow milk is yield is very less, about 50% of milk production in India relies on buffalo milk. Hence, statement (d) is correct.
- Importance of livestock:
- It is the major source of livelihood for many marginal and small farmers when most of their rainfed crops fail.
- It also provides a source of income for women who mostly take care of these animals.
- It is also one of the various items identified in the poverty alleviation program.
- Some Government measures for Livestock:
- National Livestock Mission:
- It was Launched in the year 2014-15.
- It aims to ensure quantitative and qualitative improvement in livestock production systems and capacity building of all stakeholders.
- Rashtriya Gokul Mission:
- To develop and conserve indigenous breeds of the bovine population.
- To enhance milk production and to make it more remunerative to the farmers.
- National Livestock Mission:
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