Consider the following statements : 1. Prokaryotes store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. 2. Cellular organisms use messenger RNA (mRNA) to convey genetic information that directs the synthesis of specific proteins. 3. A DNA molecule is capable of self-duplication during cell division and identical DNA strands are transferred to daughter cells. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

LohaHridoy
  1. 3 only
  2. 1 and 2 only
  3. 2 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3

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Option 4 : 1, 2 and 3

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3.

  • Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi, and protists) store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts.
  • In contrast, prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. Hence statement 1 is correct.
  • DNA is the chemical basis of heredity and has the coded message for proteins to be synthesized in the cell.
    • There are three types of RNA — mRNA, rRNA and tRNA which actually carry out the protein synthesis in the cell based on the coded message for proteins provided by DNA.
    • Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is implicated in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.
    • Cellular organisms use messenger RNA (mRNA) to convey genetic information that directs the synthesis of specific proteins. Hence statement 2 is correct.
    • Many viruses encode their genetic information using an RNA genome.
    • Example: HIV virus used this technique to proliferate within the human body.
  • DNA is the chemical basis of heredity and may be regarded as the reserve of genetic information.
    • DNA is exclusively responsible for maintaining the identity of different species of organisms over millions of years.
    • A DNA molecule is capable of self-duplication during cell division and identical DNA strands are transferred to daughter cells. Hence statement 3 is correct.
    • Another important function of nucleic acids in protein synthesis in the cell. Actually, the proteins are synthesized by various RNA molecules in the cell but the message for the synthesis of a particular protein is present in DNA.
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