PRINCIPLE: A contract is an agreement enforceable by law. All agreements are contracts if they are made with free consent by parties competent to contract for a lawful consideration and with a lawful object. FACT: A, a 40-year-old businessman of sound mind, agrees to sell his bungalow worth 40 lakhs for 1 lakh. The agreement is: (1) Invalid due to inadequate consideration (2) Valid as there is lawful consideration (3) Valid as A entered into it with free consent (4) Valid because A has capacity to contract.

All agreements are . . . . . . . . if they are made by the free consent of parties competent to contract, for a lawful consideration and with a lawful object, and are not hereby expressly declared to be void.

A

Standard forms of contracts

B

Contracts

C

Enforceable Contracts

D

Quasi contracts

Propositions are
1. Gift made during marz-ul-maut to a heir is valid without the consent of other heirs under Sunnite law
2. Gift made during marz-ul-maut to a heir is valid without the consent of other heirs under Ithna Ashari law
3. Gift made during marz-ul-maut to a heir is valid only with the consent of other heirs, under Sunnite law
4. Gift made during marz-ul-maut to a heir is valid only with the consent of other heirs under the Shia law.
Which amongst the following is correct

A

1 is true 2-3-4 are false

B

1 & 2 are true 3 & 4 are false

C

2 & 3 are true 1 & 4 are false

D

3 & 4 are true 1 & 2 are false

Statement I Every contract in an agreement but every agreement is not a contract.
Statement II All agreements are contracts, if they are made by the free consent of parties.

A

Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect

B

Statement II is correct, but Statement I is incorrect

C

Both statements are correct

D

Both statements are incorrect

A', on 9^th January, 2015 agrees to sell his immovable property to 'R' and out of the total sale consideration of Rs. 3,00,000/- receives a sum of Rs. 1,00,000/- from 'B' as advance payment and agrees to vacate the property and handover vacant peaceful physical possession thereof to 'B' and to execute the Sale Deed of the property in favour of 'B' on receipt of balance sale 'consideration' on or before 9^th July, 2015. 'A' fails to vacate the property or to execute the Sale Deed or to deliver possession of the property to 'B'. 'B' after waiting patiently till 31^st January, 2016, on 1^st February, 2016 got issued a legal notice to 'A' to take the balance sale consideration and execute the Sale Deed and deliver vacant peaceful physical possession. 'A' vide his reply received by 'B' on 17^th February, 2016 denies the agreement. The limitation of three years available to 'B' for instituting a suit for specific performance is:

A

With effect from 9th January, 2015

B

With effect from 9th July, 2015

C

With effect from 17th February, 2016

D

With effect from 1st February, 2016

Statement (I): Agreement without consideration is always valid.
Statement (II): All contracts are agreements but all agreements are not contracts.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following option is correct?

A

Statements (I) and (II) both are correct

B

Both Statements (I) and (II) are incorrect

C

Statement (I) is incorrect and Statement (II) is correct

D

Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect

Read the following passage carefully and choose the most appropriate answer to the question out of the four alternatives.
True, It is the function of the army to maintain law and order in abnormal times. But in normal times there is another force that compels citizens to obey the laws and to act with due regard to the rights of others. The force also protects the lives and the properties of law abiding men. Laws are made to secure the personal safety of its subjects and to prevent murder and crimes of violence. They are made to secure the property of the citizens against theft and damage to protect the rights of communities and castes to carry out their customs and ceremonies, so long as they do not conflict with the rights of others. Now the good citizen, of his own free will obey these laws and he takes care that everything he does is done with due regard to the rights and well-being of others. But the bad citizen is only restrained from breaking these laws by fear of the consequence of his actions. And the necessary steps to compel the bad citizen to act as a good citizen are taken by this force. The supreme control of law and order in a State is in the hands of a Minister who is responsible to the State Assembly and acts through the Inspector General of Police.
"They are made to secure the property of citizens against theft and damage" means that the law:

A

Helps in recoverring the stolen property of the citizens.

B

Assists citizens whose property has been stolen or destroyed.

C

Initiate process against offenders of law.

D

Safeguards peoples possessions against being stolen or lost.

Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
Who among the following has tremendous influence in forming the true public opinion?

A

Press

B

Political parties

C

Educational intuitions

D

God man

Consider the following statements:
1. An agreement in writing based on natural love and affection between near relatives is enforceable without consideration.
2. An agreement to which consent of the promisor is freely given is not void merely because the consideration is inadequate.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A

1 only

B

2 only

C

Both 1 and 2

D

Neither 1 nor 2

Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
What is important for the democratic society to function properly?

A

Spirit of fellow-feeling

B

Spirit of tolerance

C

Habit of compromise

D

All of these

Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
Which of the following is not the reason for the oppression caused to general public by the running government in the country?

A

People want themselves such kind of atrocities to be done to them

B

People are uneducated

C

People are disunited

D

People are timid to oppose the government