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X, a publisher of a newspaper, agrees to publish at Y's request a defamatory article in respect of Z as Y agrees to indemnify X against the consequences of the publication. In a Suit by Z, X has to pay damages and incur expenses. Which one of the following is the correct statement regarding the liability of Y?

Correct Answer: Y is not liable as the act was criminal

One X wrote defamatory letter against Y, a copy of which he sent to the Chairman of the Municipal Committee and other for publication in a local newspaper in which it was duly published. Y sued X and the editor, publisher and management of the newspaper for damages. Subsequently, a sum of Rs. 5,000 was paid by the newspaper by way of damages to Y and an apology was also published in the newspaper. Thereupon Y withdrew his action against the newspaper but not against X. X pleads that the release of other joint tort-feasors amounted to his release also

B, the proprietor of a newspaper, publishes, at A's request, a libel upon C in the paper, and A agrees to indemnify B against the consequences of the publication, and all costs and damages of the action in respect thereof. B is sued by C and has to pay damages and also incurs expenses. Decide in the light of Section 224 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872.

A' employs 'B' to beat 'C', and agrees to indemnify him against all consequences of the act. 'B' thereupon beats 'C', and has to pay damages to 'C' for doing so. Determine the liability of 'A'.

To constitute a matter of res judicata which of the following conditions must concur?
1. The matter directly and substantially in issue in the subsequent suit or issue must be the same matter which was directly and substantially in issue either actually (section 11, explanation III) or constructively (section 11, explanation IV) in the former suit
2. The former suit must have been a suit between the same parties under whom they or any of them claim. Explanation VI of Section 11 must be read with this condition
3. The parties as aforesaid must have litigated under the same title in the former suit
4. The court which decided the former suit must have been a court competent to try the subsequent suit of the suit in which such issue has been subsequently raised. Explanation II of section 11 is to be read with condition
5. The matter directly and substantially in issue in the subsequent suit must have been heard and finally decided by the court in the first suit. Explanation V of section 11 is to be read with this condition

In which of the following situations is communication treated as published and defamatory?
1. Dictating a letter to one's typist containing defamatory statement about another
2. Sending a defamatory letter to the plaintiff in a language supposed to be known to the plaintiff
3. The husband writing a letter to his wife containing some defamatory aspersions concerning her father
4. When a libelous letter addressed to the plaintiff is, in the ordinary course of business, opened by his clerk
Select the correct answer using the given below:

A suit was instituted impleading the defendants in a representative capacity. Publication of the notice of the suit was made in a leading daily as directed by Court while granting permission under Order I, Rule 8. Later on the suit happened to be dismissed for default. Plaintiff filed application under Order IX, Rule 9 to restore the suit. Is it necessary to direct publication of the notice regarding the restoration application also in a leading daily to have effective service on all the persons interested?

Consider the following statements:
In case of joint publication of defamatory statement:
1. A corporation is liable for the malice of its agent.
2. The proprietor of a newspaper is liable for the malice of the editor.
3. A lawyer is liable for the malice in the notice issued under the instructions of his client.
4. The employer is liable for the malice of a typist who types a defamatory letter as dictated by his employer.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Principle: A defamatory statement is one which has a tendency to injure the reputation of the person to whom it refers to. Defamation is of two kinds-
(1) Libel, when the defamatory statement is in some permanent and visible form and
(2) Slander, when it is in some trasitefy form, visible or audible. Libel is actionable per se, but slander is actionable only on proof of actual damage.
Factual Situation: A person accused of a crime is arrested by the police. The police give an open statement that the suspect had an extra-marital affair. It is subsequently proved in court that the suspect was innocent of the crime. Will the accused succeed if he files a civil suit for defamation, claiming compensation against the police?

Ramesh employs Suresh to beat Mahesh. Ramesh promises to indemnify Suresh against all the consequences of the act. Suresh beats Mahesh and has to pay damages to Mahesh for the beatings committed upon him.

When the liability of a person who is one of the parties to the suit depends upon the liability of a stranger to the suit, then an admission by the stranger in respect of his liability shall be an admission on the part of that person who is a party to the suit. It has been so provided