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For the reaction, A = X + Y, the respective concentrations are C<sub>A</sub>, C<sub>X</sub> and C<sub>Y</sub>. The forward reaction rate constant is kf and the backward reaction rate constant is kb. Choose the correct statement from the following:<br>P. At equilibrium, kf C<sub>A</sub> > k<sub>B</sub> CxCy<br>Q. If the reaction is irreversible than, kb C<sub>X</sub>C<sub>Y</sub> = 0<br>R. The backward reaction rate will essentially be first order, if the forward reaction rate is first order.<br>S. Activation energy for the first order forward reaction will be independent of temperature.
A
P, Q
B
Q, R
C
R, S
D
Q, S
Correct Answer:
Q, R
The rate expression for a heterogenous catalytic reaction is given by, - r
A
= K.K
A
P
A
(1 + K
A
.P
A
+ K
r
.P
R
), where K is surface reaction rate constant and K
A
and K
R
are absorption equilibrium constants of A and R respectively. If K
R
P
R
>> (1 + K
A
P
A
), the apparent activation energy E
A
is equal to (given E is the activation energy for the reaction and ΔH
R
and ΔH
A
are the activation energies of adsorption of R and A)
A
E
B
E + ΔH<sub>A</sub>
C
E + ΔH<sub>A</sub> - ΔH<sub>R</sub>
D
ΔH<sub>A</sub> + ΔH<sub>R</sub>
The activation for the climb is equal to _____ where; Uj = Activation for nucleation of jog Uv = Activation for formation of the vacancy Um = Activation for formation of the self diffusion Ui = Activation for formation of the interstitial diffusion
A
Uj+Uv+Um
B
Uj
C
Uj+Uv
D
Uj+Uv+Um+Ui
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilization is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. Biomass is an energy source used in
A
agriculture
B
industry
C
homes
D
offices
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilisation is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. The energy sources of the future are
A
nuclear and hydro power
B
coal and natural gas
C
wind and solar power
D
oil and biomass
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilization is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. The theme of the passage is
A
Changing Lives
B
Looming Energy Crisis
C
Energy Resources
D
Power in Today's world
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilisation is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. The synonym for Ubiquitous is
A
Omnipotent
B
Omnifarious
C
Omniscient
D
Omnipresent
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilisation is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. The survival of mankind will depend on
A
maximum use of available energy resources
B
transition to sustainable energy resources
C
regulation placed on energy consumers
D
keeping the level of energy production constant
The steady-state creep activation energy is given by the Arrhenius type rate equation ε = Ae-(Q/RT), where, Q = activation for rate-controlling step A = pre-exponent complex constant containing the frequency of vibration of the flow unit T = absolute temperature R = Universal gas constant The slope of the equation for log ε vs. log T plot will be equal to __________
A
Q/R
B
Q/2.3R
C
A/Q
D
A/2.3R
Two refrigerators M and N operate in series. The refrigerator M absorbs energy at the rate of 1 kW from a body at temperature 400 K and rejects energy as heat to a body at a temperature T. The refrigerator N absorbs the same quantity of energy which is rejected by the refrigerator N from the body at temperature T, and rejects energy as heat to a body at temperature 800 K. If both the refrigerators have the same C.O.P., what is the value temperature T?
A
600 K
B
200 K
C
565.68 K
D
459.21 K
The equilibrium constant of a reaction is 20 units and the equilibrium constant of other reaction is 30 units when both the reactions are added up together then the equilibrium constant of the resultant reaction is given by _____________
A
20 units
B
600 units
C
50 units
D
10 units