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Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives. Genetic variation is the cornerstone of evolution, without which there can be no natural selection, and so a low genetic diversity decreases the ability of a species to survive and reproduce, explains lead author Yoshan Moodley, Professor at the Department of Zoology, University of Venda in South Africa. Two centuries ago, the black rhinoceros – which roamed much of sub Saharan Africa – had 64 different genetic lineages; but today only 20 of these lineages remain, says the paper. The species is now restricted to five countries, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Genetically unique populations that once existed in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique, Malawi and Angola have disappeared. The origins of the 'genetic erosion' coincided with colonial rule in Africa and the popularity of big game hunting. From the second half of the 20th century, however, poaching for horns has dramatically depleted their population and genetic diversity, especially in Kenya and Tanzania. <br />What is important for evolution?
A
Genetic variation
B
Large population
C
Mixing of species
D
Survival of the fittest
Correct Answer:
Genetic variation
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives. Genetic variation is the cornerstone of evolution, without which there can be no natural selection, and so a low genetic diversity decreases the ability of a species to survive and reproduce, explains lead author Yoshan Moodley, Professor at the Department of Zoology, University of Venda in South Africa. Two centuries ago, the black rhinoceros – which roamed much of sub Saharan Africa – had 64 different genetic lineages; but today only 20 of these lineages remain, says the paper. The species is now restricted to five countries, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Genetically unique populations that once existed in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique, Malawi and Angola have disappeared. The origins of the 'genetic erosion' coincided with colonial rule in Africa and the popularity of big game hunting. From the second half of the 20th century, however, poaching for horns has dramatically depleted their population and genetic diversity, especially in Kenya and Tanzania.
From the second half of the 20th century what has caused a dramatic fall in black rhinoceros population?
A
poaching
B
colonial rule
C
big game hunting
D
fall in genetic diversity
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives. Genetic variation is the cornerstone of evolution, without which there can be no natural selection, and so a low genetic diversity decreases the ability of a species to survive and reproduce, explains lead author Yoshan Moodley, Professor at the Department of Zoology, University of Venda in South Africa. Two centuries ago, the black rhinoceros – which roamed much of sub Saharan Africa – had 64 different genetic lineages; but today only 20 of these lineages remain, says the paper. The species is now restricted to five countries, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Genetically unique populations that once existed in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique, Malawi and Angola have disappeared. The origins of the 'genetic erosion' coincided with colonial rule in Africa and the popularity of big game hunting. From the second half of the 20th century, however, poaching for horns has dramatically depleted their population and genetic diversity, especially in Kenya and Tanzania.
Genetically unique black rhinoceros has been lost in all of the following countries, except?
A
Tanzania
B
Nigeria
C
Chad
D
Malawi
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives. Genetic variation is the cornerstone of evolution, without which there can be no natural selection, and so a low genetic diversity decreases the ability of a species to survive and reproduce, explains lead author Yoshan Moodley, Professor at the Department of Zoology, University of Venda in South Africa. Two centuries ago, the black rhinoceros – which roamed much of sub Saharan Africa – had 64 different genetic lineages; but today only 20 of these lineages remain, says the paper. The species is now restricted to five countries, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Genetically unique populations that once existed in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique, Malawi and Angola have disappeared. The origins of the 'genetic erosion' coincided with colonial rule in Africa and the popularity of big game hunting. From the second half of the 20th century, however, poaching for horns has dramatically depleted their population and genetic diversity, especially in Kenya and Tanzania.
Sub Sharan Africa has lost how many black rhino genetic lineages in 200 years?
A
64
B
20
C
44
D
30
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives. Genetic variation is the cornerstone of evolution, without which there can be no natural selection, and so a low genetic diversity decreases the ability of a species to survive and reproduce, explains lead author Yoshan Moodley, Professor at the Department of Zoology, University of Venda in South Africa. Two centuries ago, the black rhinoceros – which roamed much of sub Saharan Africa – had 64 different genetic lineages; but today only 20 of these lineages remain, says the paper. The species is now restricted to five countries, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Genetically unique populations that once existed in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique, Malawi and Angola have disappeared. The origins of the 'genetic erosion' coincided with colonial rule in Africa and the popularity of big game hunting. From the second half of the 20th century, however, poaching for horns has dramatically depleted their population and genetic diversity, especially in Kenya and Tanzania.
Genetic diversity is proportional to _____________________.
A
species population
B
the ability of a species to survive and reproduce
C
inbreeding
D
extinction
The rate expression for a heterogenous catalytic reaction is given by, - r
A
= K.K
A
P
A
(1 + K
A
.P
A
+ K
r
.P
R
), where K is surface reaction rate constant and K
A
and K
R
are absorption equilibrium constants of A and R respectively. If K
R
P
R
>> (1 + K
A
P
A
), the apparent activation energy E
A
is equal to (given E is the activation energy for the reaction and ΔH
R
and ΔH
A
are the activation energies of adsorption of R and A)
A
E
B
E + ΔH<sub>A</sub>
C
E + ΔH<sub>A</sub> - ΔH<sub>R</sub>
D
ΔH<sub>A</sub> + ΔH<sub>R</sub>
V
1
, V
2
, V
3
and V
4
are the volumes of four cubes of side lengths x cm, 2x cm, 3x cm and 4 cm respectively. Some statements regarding these volumes are given below :
(i) V
1
+ V
2
+ 2V
3
4
(ii) V
1
+ 4V
2
+ V
3
4
(iii) 2(V
1
+ V
3
) + V
2
= V
4
Which of these statements area correct ?
A
1 and 2
B
2 and 3
C
1 and 3
D
1, 2 and 3
Letx(t) be the input and y(t) be the output of a continuous time system. Match the system properties P
1
, P
2
and P
3
with system relations R
1
, R
2
, P
3
, P
4
.
Properties
P
1
: Linear but NOT time-invariant
P
2
: Time-invariant but NOT linear
P
3
: Linear and time-invariant
Relations
R
1
: y(t) = t
2
x(t)
R
2
: y(t) = t |x(t)|
R
3
: y(t) = |x(t)|
R
4
: y(t) = x(t - 5)
A
(P<sub>1</sub>, R<sub>1</sub>), (P<sub>2</sub>, R<sub>3</sub>), (P<sub>3</sub>, R<sub>4</sub>)
B
(P<sub>1</sub>, R<sub>2</sub>), (P<sub>2</sub>, P<sub>3</sub>), (P<sub>3</sub>, R<sub>4</sub>)
C
(P<sub>1</sub>, R<sub>3</sub>), (P<sub>2</sub>, R<sub>1</sub>), (P<sub>3</sub>, R<sub>2</sub>)
D
(P<sub>1</sub>, R<sub>1</sub>), (P<sub>2</sub>, R<sub>2</sub>), (P<sub>3</sub>, R<sub>3</sub>)
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given fouralternatives. Teaching about compassion and empathy in schools can help deal with problems of climate change and environmental degradation,” says Barbara Maas, secretary,
Standing Committee for Environment and Conservation, International Buddhist Confederation (IBC). She was in New Delhi to participate in the IBCs governing
council meeting, December 10-11, 2017. “We started an awareness campaign in the year 2005-2006 with H H The Dalai Lama when we learnt that tiger skins were
being traded in China and Tibet. At that time, I was not a Buddhist; I wrote to the Dalai Lama asking him to say that this is harmful and he wrote back to say, “We
will stop this.” He used very strong words during the Kalachakra in 2006, when he said, If he sees people wearing fur and skins, he doesnt feel like living. This sent
huge shock waves in the Himalayan community. Within six months, in Lhasa, people ripped the fur trim of their tubba, the traditional Tibetan dress. The messenger was ideal and the audience was receptive,” says Maas who is a conservationist. She has studied the battered foxs behavioral ecology in Serengeti,Africa. She heads the endangered species conservation at the Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU) International Foundation for Nature, Berlin. “I met Samdhong Rinpoche, The Karmapa, HH the Dalai Lama and Geshe Lhakdor and I thought, if by being a Buddhist, you become like this, I am going for it, “says Maas, who led the IBC initiative for including the Buddhist perspective to the global discourse on climate change by presenting the statement, The Time to Act is Now: a Buddhist Declaration on Climate Change, at COP21 in Paris. “It was for the first time in the history of Buddhism that leaders of different sanghas came together to take a stand on anything! The statement lists a couple of important things: the first is that we amass things that we dont need; there is overpopulation; we need to live with contentment and deal with each other and the environment with love and compassion,” elaborates Maas. She is an ardent advocate of a vegan diet because “consuming meat and milk globally contributes more to climate change than all "transport in the world.” Turning vegetarian or vegan usually requires complete change of perspective before one gives up eating their favorite food. What are the Buddhist ways to bringabout this kind of change at the individual level? “To change our behavior, Buddhism is an ideal vehicle; it made me a more contented person,” says Maas, who grewup in Germany, as a sausage chomping, meat-loving individual. She says, “If I can change, so can anybody”. According to the passage, how can studying compassion and empathy in schools help?
A
It can help us understand and connect Buddhism.
B
It can help deal with problems of climate change and environmental degradation.
C
It can change our behaviours and make us more content person.
D
It can help us in turning vegetarian.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Ants have been living on the earth for more than 100 million years and can be found almost anywhere on the planet. It is estimated that there are about 20000 different species of ants. For this reason ants have been called Earth's most successful species. If you watch ants for any length of time you will see that they really do communicate with each other and very effectively too. Ants communicate by touching each other with their antennae. Ants also use chemicals called pheromones to leave scent trails for other ants to follow. Ants build many different types of homes. Many ants build simple little mounds out of dirt or sand. Other ants use small sticks mixed with dirt and sand to make a stronger mound that offers protection from rain. Western Harvester ants make a small mound on top, but then tunnels up to 15 feet straight down to hibernate during winter. Ant mounds consist of many chambers connected by tunnels. Different chambers are used for nurseries, food storage, and resting places for the worker ants. Some ants live in wood like termites. Army ants don't make a home at all but travel in a large groups searching for food. Ants are social insects which means they live in large colonies or groups. Some colonies consist of millions of ants. There are three types of ants in each species, the queen, the sterile female workers and males. The male ants only serve one purpose, to mate with future queen ants and do not live very long. The queen grows to adulthood, mates, and then spends rest of her life laying eggs. A colony may have only one queen, or there may be many queens depending on the species. Ants go through four stages of development: egg, larva, pupa and adult.
Why are ants called the 'Earth's' most successful species?
A
Because they have been on earth for more than a 100 million years
B
Because they can be found anywhere on earth
C
Because they have been on earth for more than a 100 million years and because they can be found anywhere on earth
D
Because there are 2000 different species of ants on earth
Pick out the wrong statement below:
I. For the same conversion, the holding time required in a batch reactor, is always equal to the space time required in a PFR.
II. Two mixed reactors of unequal size are available for producing a specified product, formed by a homogenous second order reaction. To achieve maximum production rate, the smaller reactor should be placed in series before the larger reactor.
III. Arrehenius equation describing the effect of temperature on rate constant is given by, $${\text{K}} = {\text{A}}.{{\text{e}}^{ - \frac{{{\text{Ea}}}}{{{\text{RT}}}}}}$$
IV. The mechanism for the decomposition of CH
3
CHO into CH
4
and CO in presence of I
2
is:
CH
3
CHO + I
2
→ CH
3
I + HI + CO; slow
CH
3
I + HI → CH
4
+ I
2
; fast
Then the rate of disappearance CH
3
CHO is equal to K.C
CH
3
l
.C
Hl
and acts as a catalyst.
A
I
B
II
C
III
D
IV