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The rear window of an automobile is made of thick glass i.e. AB = 5 mm and thermal conductivity is 0.8 W/m degree. To defrost this window, a thin transparent film type heating element has been fixed to its inner surface. For the conditions given below, determine the electric power that must be provided per unit area of window if a temperature 5 degree Celsius is maintained at its outer surface. Interior air temperature and the corresponding surface coefficient are 20 degree Celsius and 12 W/m2 degree. Surrounding air temperature and the corresponding surface coefficient are – 15 degree Celsius and 70 W/m2 degree. Electric heater provides uniform heat flux

Correct Answer: 1232.5 /m2
(t I – t f)/(1/h i + δ/k) + q g = h 0 (t s – t 0).

A heating unit is made in the form of a vertical tube of 50 mm outside diameter and 1.2 m height. The tube is fitted with 20 steel fins of rectangular section with height 40 mm and thickness 2.5 mm. The temperature at the base of fin is 75 degree Celsius, the surrounding air temperature is 20 degree Celsius and the heat transfer coefficient between the fin as well as the tube surface and the surrounding air is 9.5 W/m2 K. If thermal conductivity of the fin material is 55 W/m K, find the amount of heat transferred from the tube without fin

A heating unit is made in the form of a vertical tube of 50 mm outside diameter and 1.2 m height. The tube is fitted with 20 steel fins of rectangular section with height 40 mm and thickness 2.5 mm. The temperature at the base of fin is 75 degree Celsius, the surrounding air temperature is 20 degree Celsius and the heat transfer coefficient between the fin as well as the tube surface and the surrounding air is 9.5 W/m2 K. If thermal conductivity of the fin material is 55 W/m K, find the amount of heat transferred from the tube with fin

A steel strap is serving as a support for the steam pipe. The strap is welded to the pipe and bolted to the ceiling. The junction between the support strut and the ceiling is adiabatic, and the outside temperature of steam pipe is 105 degree Celsius. The strut AB is 60 cm high and AD = BC = 12.5 cm. It is 0.3 cm thick. Workout the rate at which heat is lost to the surrounding air by the support strut. It may be assumed that thermal conductivity for steel is 45 W/m degree, the total outside surface coefficient is 17 W/m2 degree and the surrounding air is at 32 degree Celsius

Heat is being transferred by convection from water at 48 degree Celsius to glass plate whose surface is exposed to water at 40 degree Celsius. The thermal conductivity of water is 0.6 W/m K and the thermal conductivity of glass is 1.2 W/m K. The spectral gradient of temperature in the water at the water glass interface is 10 -4 K/m. The heat transfer coefficient in W/m2 K is

A heat exchanger shell of outside radius 15 cm is to be insulated with glass wool of thermal conductivity 0.0825 W/m degree. The temperature at the surface is 280 degree Celsius and it can be assumed to remain constant after the layer of insulation has been applied to the shell. The convective film coefficient between the outside surface of glass wool and the surrounding air is estimated to be 8 W/m2 degree. What is the value of a critical radius?

A single pass shell and tube heat exchanger, consisting of a bundle of 100 tubes (inner diameter 25 mm and thickness 2 mm) is used for heating 28 kg/s of water from 25 degree Celsius to 75 degree Celsius with the help of a steam condensing at atmospheric pressure on the shell side with condensing heat transfer coefficient 5000 W/m2 degree. Make calculation for overall heat transfer coefficient based on the inner area. Take fouling factor on the water side to be 0.002 m2 degree/W per tube and neglect effect of fouling factor on the shell side and thermal resistance of the tube wall

A black body of total area 0.045 m2 is completely enclosed in a space bounded by 5 cm thick walls. The walls have a surface area 0.5 m 2 and thermal conductivity 1.07 W/ m K. If the inner surface of the enveloping wall is to be maintained at 215 degree Celsius and the outer wall surface at 30 degree Celsius, calculate the temperature of the black body

Forced air flows over a convection heat exchanger in a room heater, resulting in a convective heat transfer coefficient 1.136 k W/m2 K. The surface temperature of heat exchanger may be considered constant at 65 degree Celsius, and the air is at 20 degree Celsius. Determine the heat exchanger surface area required for 8.8 k W of heating

A flat wall of fire clay, 50 cm thick and initially at 25 degree Celsius, has one of its faces suddenly exposed to a hot gas at 950 degree Celsius. If the heat transfer coefficient on the hot side is 7.5 W/m2 K and the other face of the wall is insulated so that no heat passes out of that face, determine the time necessary to raise the center of the wall to 350 degree Celsius. For fire clay brick Thermal conductivity = 1.12 W/m K Thermal diffusivity = 5.16 * 10 -7 m2/s

The inner and outer surfaces of a furnace wall, 25 cm thick, are at 300 degree Celsius and 30 degree Celsius. Here thermal conductivity is given by the relation K = (1.45 + 0.5 * 10-5 t2) KJ/m hr deg Where, t is the temperature in degree centigrade. Calculate the heat loss per square meter of the wall surface area?