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Principle: An occupier or owner of land owes a duty to warn a suspected trespasser of deadly conditions on the land which would be hidden to a trespasser, but of which the property owner is aware.<br>Factual Situation: Shiva, the owner of a Fire Cracker Factory owned a large plot of land, which he used for testing his crackers. One day while he was about to set fire to some special crackers, he noticed some children wandering on his land. Shiva did not pay any attention to the children as according to him they were trespassers. He set fire to the test crackers. One of the crackers which was supposed to ignite a series of crackers up in the sky at a height of 100 metres, did not burst in the sky. Instead, it fell to the ground and exploded, injuring one of the children. In a suit for compensation initiated by the parents of the injured child, how would you decide?
A
The child is not entitled to compensation as the child had a duty to take care
B
Shiva is not liable for payment of any compensation to a trespasser
C
Shiva is liable as he did not give any warning to the children about any danger
D
The child is not entitled to any compensation as the child is a trespasser
Correct Answer:
Shiva is liable as he did not give any warning to the children about any danger
Principle: A person who voluntarily takes a decision to do something after appreciating the risk involved in such act and then receives an injury, will not be entitled to get any compensation.
Facts: 'X', an electrical engineer, was invited by his friend 'Y', to the factory where he was employed. While they were in the factory, 'Q' a worker in the factory informed 'Y' about some short-circuit in the power room. Hearing this, 'Y' asked 'X' to stay in the office room and rushed to the power room. 'X' however, decided to follow 'Y'. 'X' noticed that if the power supply through a particular electric line could be disconnected, the electrical leakage could be stopped which would prevent further damage. Suddenly 'X' decided to pullout the wire manually even though it was risky. This resulted in a blast in which both 'X' and 'Y' got injured. 'X' had to spend Rs. 1 lakh at the hospital for his treatment. 'X' wants to file a suit for compensation from the management of the factory. Will he succeed?
A
Yes, because 'X' was invited by 'Y' to visit him and hence is in the position of an invitee
B
Yes, because 'X' was trying to avert a great danger to the factory
C
No, because 'Y' specifically asked 'X' to stay in the office room
D
No, as 'X' was aware of some risk in his action and still decided to take the risk
Principle: A plaintiff who suffers some injury will be entitled to receive compensation even if he suffers no loss.
Factual Situation: Reddy was a strong political worker of Party X. He was proceeding to the poling booth at about 7:30 am, to cast his vote in favour of Mr. Naik, his party candidate. On the way, the State Police officials suspected Reddy to be an anti-social element and took him into custody for questioning. Reddy pleaded with the officials that he was a genuine voter and had no previous criminal records and requested them to allow him to cast his vote. The officials allegedly detained him in custody till about 4:45 pm and thereafter released him, recording that they could not find any thing against him. By the time Reddy reached the poling booth the polling time was over and he could not vote for Mr. Naik. When the results were declared Mr. Naik got a Majority of over 6000 votes and Party X got the majority to form the Government. Reddy files a suit for compensation against the State.
A
Reddy will succeed as the police could not prove anything against him
B
Reddy will succeed as his right to vote was denied by the police
C
Reddy will not succeed as his candidate won the election and therefore there is no cause of action against the police
D
Reddy will not succeed as the police can arrest a suspected criminal
Which of the following statements are true/false?
1. No child shall be employed or permitted to work, in any factory for more than four and a half hours in any day and during the night.
2. A child who has completed his eighteenth year or an adolescent shall not be required or allowed to work in any factory unless he has a certificate of fitness is granted in the custody of the manager of the factory.
3. The period of work of all children employed in a factory shall be limited to two shifts which shall not overlap or spread over more than five hours each.
4. No female child shall be required or allowed to work in any factory except between 8 A.M. and 7 P.M.
A
1, 3, 4 are true and 2 is false
B
1, 3 are true and 2, 4 are false
C
2, 4 are true and 1, 3 are false
D
3, 4 are true and 2, 1 are false
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives andclick the button corresponding to it.
There is a time in every man's education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better, forworse, as his portion; that though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of groundwhich is given to him to till. The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he hastried. Not for nothing one face, one character, one fact, makes much impression on him, and another none. This sculpture in the memory is not without pre-established harmony. The eye was placed where one ray should fall, that it might testify of that particular ray. We but half express ourselves, and are ashamed ofthat divine idea which each of us represents. It may be safely trusted as proportionate and of good issues, so it be faithfully imparted, but God will not have his workmade manifest by cowards. A man is relieved and gay when he has put his heart into his work and has done his best; but what he has said or done otherwise, shallgive him no peace. It is a deliverance which does not deliver. In the attempt his genius deserts him; no muse befriends; no invention, no hope. According to the author, God is not looking for _____ to manifest his works.
A
Cowards
B
Stubborn people
C
Weaklings
D
All of these
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives andclick the button corresponding to it.
There is a time in every man's education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better, forworse, as his portion; that though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of groundwhich is given to him to till. The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he hastried. Not for nothing one face, one character, one fact, makes much impression on him, and another none. This sculpture in the memory is not without pre-established harmony. The eye was placed where one ray should fall, that it might testify of that particular ray. We but half express ourselves, and are ashamed ofthat divine idea which each of us represents. It may be safely trusted as proportionate and of good issues, so it be faithfully imparted, but God will not have his workmade manifest by cowards. A man is relieved and gay when he has put his heart into his work and has done his best; but what he has said or done otherwise, shallgive him no peace. It is a deliverance which does not deliver. In the attempt his genius deserts him; no muse befriends; no invention, no hope. What is that which only the person himself knows and must act in order to discover it?
A
His untapped potential
B
His destiny that lies in the future
C
The power which resides in him
D
The joy of achieving success
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives andclick the button corresponding to it.
There is a time in every man's education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better, forworse, as his portion; that though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of groundwhich is given to him to till. The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he hastried. Not for nothing one face, one character, one fact, makes much impression on him, and another none. This sculpture in the memory is not without pre-established harmony. The eye was placed where one ray should fall, that it might testify of that particular ray. We but half express ourselves, and are ashamed ofthat divine idea which each of us represents. It may be safely trusted as proportionate and of good issues, so it be faithfully imparted, but God will not have his workmade manifest by cowards. A man is relieved and gay when he has put his heart into his work and has done his best; but what he has said or done otherwise, shallgive him no peace. It is a deliverance which does not deliver. In the attempt his genius deserts him; no muse befriends; no invention, no hope. When is a man relieved and gay?
A
When he has untapped potential
B
When he has put his heart into his work and has done his best
C
When destiny smiles at him
D
When he achieves his goal
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives andclick the button corresponding to it.
There is a time in every man's education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better, forworse, as his portion; that though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of groundwhich is given to him to till. The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he hastried. Not for nothing one face, one character, one fact, makes much impression on him, and another none. This sculpture in the memory is not without pre-established harmony. The eye was placed where one ray should fall, that it might testify of that particular ray. We but half express ourselves, and are ashamed ofthat divine idea which each of us represents. It may be safely trusted as proportionate and of good issues, so it be faithfully imparted, but God will not have his workmade manifest by cowards. A man is relieved and gay when he has put his heart into his work and has done his best; but what he has said or done otherwise, shallgive him no peace. It is a deliverance which does not deliver. In the attempt his genius deserts him; no muse befriends; no invention, no hope. Which of the following does the author appear to highlight in this essay?
A
Being contented with the status quo
B
Knowing oneself better
C
Working hard and sincerely
D
Waiting for better opportunities
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives andclick the button corresponding to it.
There is a time in every man's education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better, forworse, as his portion; that though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of groundwhich is given to him to till. The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he hastried. Not for nothing one face, one character, one fact, makes much impression on him, and another none. This sculpture in the memory is not without pre-established harmony. The eye was placed where one ray should fall, that it might testify of that particular ray. We but half express ourselves, and are ashamed ofthat divine idea which each of us represents. It may be safely trusted as proportionate and of good issues, so it be faithfully imparted, but God will not have his workmade manifest by cowards. A man is relieved and gay when he has put his heart into his work and has done his best; but what he has said or done otherwise, shallgive him no peace. It is a deliverance which does not deliver. In the attempt his genius deserts him; no muse befriends; no invention, no hope. What does the word 'Manifest' mean?
A
Display
B
Hide
C
Shout
D
Try
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. One should consciously engage in activities that will nourish your soul. Just as we nourish the body, we need to nurture the soul to connect to the creative power ofthe universe and to manifest joy in our lives. Often, we forget to address the soul, lost as we are in a jungle of material and sensual pleasures. But the more youembrace what feeds your soul, the happier you become. So if you want to enjoy the abundance of life, engage in what enriches your soul. Nurturing the soul is allabout finding calm amidst chaos. There are a number of practices that empower people towards this end including silent contemplation, various forms of meditation,yoga and tai chi However, the rigor and discipline involved in the pursuit of such practices often seems to discourage people. Add to this, the temptations of thematerial world that leave little time and motivation for anyone to pursue the spiritual path. Poet Walt Whitman declared: “Whatever satisfies the soul is truth”. Thegood news is that simple, everyday activities can also nutrify the soul — like spending time in the midst of nature, dancing in the rain or just putting thoughts onpaper. Do whatever is calming and pleases you. Creative pursuits are particularly appealing as inside each one of us, there is an artist craving for release andawaiting an opportunity for expression. One of the ways to indulge the artist within is to get started with the practice of any one or more of the creative art formssuch as music, singing, dancing, acting, drawing, painting, sculpting, poetry, fiction or essay writing. When you engage in such soul nourishing activities, all thought and energy gets focused toward goal accomplishment. At this point, you will find that even unknownforces of the universe are conniving to assist you in your amateurish but sincere attempts. As you progress, you are motivated to do better. You touch and access afaculty, a part of you that you never knew existed. Your inner artist is unleashed, baring the beauty of your soul that has found a fond medium of expression. Forinstance, a sculptors soul is seen in his artwork; a musicians in his compositions; an actors in his acting, a painters in his paintings and so on. It is immaterialwhether your effort is an immaculate artwork or just a clumsy attempt by a layperson. The idea is to try, be inspired and to create giving free rein to the mind. AsMichelangelo remarked: “I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free”! What can you infer from Michelangelos statement - "I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free"?
A
Michelangelo\u2019s soul probably wanted to free the angel and hence his artwork portrayed the same.
B
Michelangelo didn\u2019t like the angel and hence wanted to do away with it
C
Michelangelo wanted his artwork to look as close to real as possible.
D
Michelangelo\u2019s mind felt free after setting the angel free in his artwork.
Principle: Nothing is an offence which is done by a person who, at the time of doing it, is, by reason of intoxication, incapable of knowing the nature of the act, or that he is doing what is either wrong, or contrary to law, provided that the thing which intoxicated him was administered to him without his knowledge or against his will.
Factual Situation: Ram, Shyam and Vipin were friends. Vipin was in love with Anita and wanted to marry her. One day she told him that her marriage was fixed with a rich NRI and that he should not disturb her again in future. Vipin, who became depressed, told this to his friends. Ram suggested that they should go to a nearby bar and drink some Beer so that Vipin could relax. As Vipin was not habituated to drinks, initially he declined but later at the bar Ram told Vipin to take a little Whisky, which he did hesitatingly, After a while Vipin became totally intoxicated and started to say that Anita ditched him. Shyam, who was also drunk then said. " If you are so worried, go and kill her". A little while later all three friends parted company. Vipin went straight to Anita's hostel, called her out and shot her.
A
Vipin is not Iiable for murdering Anita as he did not realize the seriousness of the act as he was drunk
B
Vipin is not liable for the murder as he was forced to drink Whisky when the initial suggestion was to take Beer
C
Vipin and his friends are jointly liable for murdering Anita as the suggestion to 'kill her' developed in the group
D
Vipin is liable for murdering Anita as he was under the influence of a drink, which he took voluntarily