The occasion for amendments arises in which of the following ways? 1. Section 152 (amendment of clerical and arithmetical mistakes in judgment decrees and orders) 2. Section 153 (amendment of proceedings in a suit by the court, whether moves thereto by the parties or not, for the purpose of determining the real question or issue between the parties) 3. Order 1, r 10, sub-r (2) (striking out or adding parties) 4. Order 6, r. 16 (amending your opponent's pleading: compulsory amendment) 5. Order 6, r 17 (amending your pleading: voluntary amendment)

To constitute a matter of res judicata which of the following conditions must concur?
1. The matter directly and substantially in issue in the subsequent suit or issue must be the same matter which was directly and substantially in issue either actually (section 11, explanation III) or constructively (section 11, explanation IV) in the former suit
2. The former suit must have been a suit between the same parties under whom they or any of them claim. Explanation VI of Section 11 must be read with this condition
3. The parties as aforesaid must have litigated under the same title in the former suit
4. The court which decided the former suit must have been a court competent to try the subsequent suit of the suit in which such issue has been subsequently raised. Explanation II of section 11 is to be read with condition
5. The matter directly and substantially in issue in the subsequent suit must have been heard and finally decided by the court in the first suit. Explanation V of section 11 is to be read with this condition

A

1, 2

B

3, 4

C

2, 4, 5

D

All of these

Ordinarily an amendment of pleading in a suit may be carried out by the contesting parties under Order VI Rule 17 of the Code of Civil Procedure 1908.The court may allow the amendment:
1. In case the changes carried out in the pleading do not change the relief claimed for.
2. At any stage of the suit.
3. Without imposing costs.
4. Of an application filed for interim relief.
Select the correct answer:

A

1 and 2

B

2 and 3

C

3 and 4

D

1 only

Clerical or arithmetical mistakes in judgments, decrees or orders from any accidental slip may be corrected by the Court under which section of Code of Civil Procedure

A

Section 151

B

Section 152

C

Section 153

D

Section 144

The power of a Court to correct clerical or arithmetical mistakes in judgments, decrees or orders:

A

May at any time be exercised by Court of its own motion

B

May at anytime be exercised on an application by any of the Parties

C

Either A or B

D

None of the above

In a contractual dispute between two parties A and B, A files a suit in New Delhi where the cause of action arose. Two days later, B files a suit in the same matter in Mumbai, where A is resident. The pendency of the first suit is not brought to the notice of the court in Mumbai. The court pronounces judgement in second suit before the first suit is decided. Would such decision operate as a bar on the court in New Delhi to try the suit any further?

A

Yes, the principle of res judicata will apply

B

No, the principle of res judicata only applies against 'former suits.' In this case, the suit in Mumbai was filed subsequent to the suit in Delhi and is therefore not a 'former suit.'

C

No, because the parties did not disclose the pendency of the previous suit to the Court in Mumbai

D

No, because the plaintiff in the first suit is not the plaintiff in the second suit

Which of the followingconditions has to be satisfied for the application of Section 14, Limitation Act, 1963?
1. Both the prior and subsequent proceeding are civil proceedings prosecuted by the same party
2. The prior proceedings had been prosecuted with due diligence and in good faith
3. The failure of the prior proceedings was due to defect of jurisdiction or cause of the nature
4. The earlier proceedings and later proceeding must relate to the same matter in issue
5. Both the proceedings are in Court

A

1, 3, 5

B

2, 4, 5

C

1, 5

D

All of these

A five-judge bench of the Supreme Court passes judgment in a matter. In a later case before a high court, a party presents the Supreme Court judgment as a binding authority. The opposing party claims that the high court is not bound by the Supreme Court's judgment because relevant provisions of law were not brought to the notice of the Supreme Court in that case. Which of the following is most correct in this case?
Principle: Article 141 of the Constitution provides that the law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts within the territory of India.

A

Since the relevant provisions of law were not brought to the notice of the Supreme Court, the five-judge bench's decision is not 'law' within the meaning of Article 141, and is not binding on the high court

B

The Supreme Court must expressly declare that its judgment is binding on all courts within the territory of India when passing judgment. In this case, the Supreme Court has not done so, and therefore, the decision of the five-judge bench is not binding on the high court

C

The High Court cannot ignore the decision of the Supreme Court on the ground that relevant provisions of law were not brought to its notice. Under Article 141, it is bound by the decision of the Supreme Court

D

Only those decisions that are passed by a larger bench than the five-judge bench would be hinding on the high court, since legitimate doubts have been raised about the propriety of the five-judge bench's decision

E

The decision of the five-judge bench, since it is in conflict with other decisions, must first be decided upon by a larger bench on the Supreme Court. Only after that would the decision be binding on all other courts under Article 141 of the Constitution

Clerical or arithmetical mistakes in judgements, decrees or orders etc. can be corrected

A

Under Section 151 of Code of Civil Procedure

B

Under Section 152 of Code of Civil Procedure

C

Under Section 153 of Code of Civil Procedure

D

Under Section 153A of Code of Civil Procedure

X had made some communications to his wife Y during their marriage under Section 122 of the Evidence Act, the correct proposition are:
1. X can be compelled to disclose such communications before the Court, if Y consents, in any proceeding.
2. X can be compelled to disclose such communication whether Y consents or not in any proceedings
3. Y can be compelled to disclose such communication whether X consents or not in a divorce proceedings between them
4. Y may be permitted by Court, if deems fit, to disclose any such communication in a criminal proceedings not between X and Y.

A

1, 3, 4 are not correct

B

1, 2, 3 are not correct

C

2, 3, 4 are not correct

D

2, 4 are not correct

Where two or more courts have taken cognizance of the same offence and a question arises as to which of them ought to inquire into or try the offence, the question shall be decided
1. If the courts are subordinate to the same High Court, by that High Court
2. By the High Court within the local limits of whose appellate criminal jurisdiction the accused resides, carries on business or is engaged in a gainful employment
3. If the courts are subordinate to the same High Court, by that High Court in consultation with the State Government concerned
4. If the courts are not subordinate to the same High Court, by that court within the local limits of whose appellate criminal jurisdiction the proceedings were first commenced
Which of the above are correct?

A

1 and 2

B

2 and 3

C

1 and 4

D

1, 2, 3 and 4