A bag contains 4 red and 3 black balls. A second bag contains 2 red and 4 black balls. One bag is selected at random. From the selected bag, one ball is drawn. Find the probability that the ball drawn is red.
Correct Answer: 19\/42
A red ball can be drawn in two mutually exclusive ways
(i) Selecting bag I and then drawing a red ball from it.
(ii) Selecting bag II and then drawing a red ball from it.
Let E1, E2 and A denote the events defined as follows:
E1 = selecting bag I,
E2 = selecting bag II
A = drawing a red ball
Since one of the two bags is selected randomly, therefore
P(E1) = 1/2 and P(E2) = 1/2
Now, PAE1 = Probability of drawing a red ball when the first bag has been selected = 4/7
PAE2 = Probability of drawing a red ball when the second bag has been selected = 2/6
Using the law of total probability, we have
P(red ball) = P(A) = PE1×PAE1+PE2×PAE2
= 12×47+12×26=1942