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TQM is the management approach of an organization, centered on quality, based on the participation of all its members and aiming at long-term success through customer satisfaction, and benefits to all members of the organization and to society. Which organization had given this definition of TQM?

Correct Answer: ISO
According to ISO, TQM is the management approach of an organization, centered on quality, based on the participation of all its members and aiming at long-term success through customer satisfaction, and benefits to all members of the organization and to society. ISO refers to the International Organization for Standardization. It was founded on February 23, 1947, to promote worldwide proprietary, industrial and commercial standards.

TQM is a people-focused management system that aims at a continual increase in customer satisfaction at a continually lower cost. TQM is a total system approach (not a separate area or program), and an integral part of a high-level strategy. It works horizontally across functions and departments, involving all employees, top to bottom, and exceeds backward and forward to include the supply chain and the customer chain. Which organization had given this definition of TQM?

TQM is an integrated organizational approach in delighting customers (both internal and external) by meeting their expectations on a continuous basis through everyone involved with the organization working on continuous improvement in all products, services, and processes along with proper problem-solving methodology. Which organization had given this definition of TQM?

Which of the following is student centred curriculum design?
1. Subject-Centered
2. Learner-Centered
3. Problem-Centered
4. Teacher-Centered

Hawthorne studies have proved that
1. wherever the supervisors are employee centered, the output of the employees is high.
2. wherever the supervisors are production centered, the output of the employees is more.
3. wherever the supervisors are employee centered, the output of the employees is less.
4. wherever the supervisor are production centered, the output of the employees is less.

Hawthorne studies have proved that
1.wherever the supervisors are employee centered, the output of the employees is high.
2. wherever the supervisors are production centered, the output of the employees is more.
3. wherever the supervisors are employee centered, the output of the employees is less.
4. wherever the supervisor are production centered, the output of the employees is less.

Participation in Development means:
1. It is bottom up participation in the sense that the local people have full control over the processes and the project provides for necessary flexibility
2. It is more prevalent with NGOs then with the governments
3. It entails genuine efforts to enage in practices which openly and radically encourage people's participation
4. It is top-down participation
Select the correct answer:

Which ‘pillar of TQM’ is referred to when the study of customer needs is done, the requirements of the customer are gathered, and customer satisfaction is measured and managed?

Which of the following statements are true/false?
1. Ludwig von Bertalaffy is called the father of system approach.
2. System approach comprises of sub-system, synergy, a feedback mechanism and defined boundaries.
3. The management science school emerged as a quantitative approach to solve managerial problems.
4. Operation management, management information system are theories under system approach.

Consider the below statements. (i) Quality is defined as fitness for the purpose at the lowest cost (ii) Quality is a grade of the product in appearance, performance, life, reliability, taste, odour, maintainability etc (iii) Quality is the degree to which a specified product is preferred over competing products of equivalent grade, based on the comparative test by customers, normally called as customer’s preference (iv) Quality is a measure of the degree of the general excellence of the product (v) Quality may be defined as the degree of conformance to design and specifications Which of the above statements are correct?

Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
What is important for the democratic society to function properly?