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A 4 km optical link consists of multimode step index fiber with core refractive index of 1.3 and a relative refractive index difference of 1%. Find the delay difference between the slowest and fastest modes at the fiber output.

Correct Answer: 0.173 μsec
The delay difference is given by δTs = Ln1/c Where δTs = delay difference n1 = core refractive index Δ = Relative refractive index difference c = velocity of light in vacuum.

A multimode step-index fiber has a core refractive index of 1.5 and relative refractive index difference of 1%. The length of the optical link is 6 km. Estimate the RMS pulse broadening due to intermodal dispersion on the link.

An electronic device rearranges numbers step-by-step in a particular order according to set of rules. The device stops when the final result is obtained.
Input: 84 15 35 04 18 96 62 08
Step 1: 96 84 15 35 04 18 62 08
Step 2: 96 84 62 15 35 04 18 08
Step 3: 96 84 62 35 15 04 18 08
Step 4: 96 84 62 35 18 15 04 08
Step 5: 96 84 62 35 18 15 08 04
And Step 5 is the last step for this input. Now, find out an appropriate step in the following question following the above rule. Question:
Input: 16 09 24 28 15 04
What will be the third step for this input ?

An electronic device when fed with the numbers, rearranges them in a particular order following certain rules. The following is a step-by-step process of rearrangement for the given input of numbers. Input :- 85 16 36 04 19 97 63 09 Step I :- 97 85 16 36 04 19 63 09 Step II :- 97 85 63 16 36 04 19 09 Step III :- 97 85 63 36 16 04 19 09 Step IV :- 97 85 63 36 19 16 04 09 Step V :- 97 85 63 36 19 16 09 04 (for the given input step V is the last step). Which of the following will be the last step for the given input ? Input :- 03 31 43 22 11 09

A word arrangement machine, When given an input line of words, rearranges it in every step following a certain rule. Following is an illustration of an input line of words and various steps of rearrangement.
Input: gone are take enough brought station
Step 1: take gone are enough brought station
Step 2: take are gone enough brought station
Step 3: take are station gone enough brought
Step 4: take are station brought gone enough
And Step 4 is the last step for this input. Now, find out an appropriate step in the following question following the above rule. Question:
Input: car on star quick demand fat
What will be the third step for this input ?

A word arranging device rearranges words step-by-step in a particular order according to set of rules. The device stops when the final result is obtained.
Input: but going for crept te light sir
Step 1: crept but going for te light sir
Step 2: crept going light but for te sir
Step 3: crept going light but for sir te
And Step 3 is the last step for this input. Now, find out an appropriate step in the following question following the above rules. Question:
Input: more fight cats cough sough acts idea
What will be the last step for this input ?

A step-index fiber has core refractive index 1.46 and radius 4.5μm. Find the cutoff wavelength to exhibit single mode operation. Use relative index difference as 0.25%.

Multimode graded index fibers have overall buffer jackets same as multimode step index fibers but have core diameters ___________

A single-mode step-index fiber or multimode step-index fiber allows propagation of only one transverse electromagnetic wave.

Losses caused by factors such as core-cladding diameter, numerical aperture, relative refractive index differences, different refractive index profiles, fiber faults are known as ____________

A graded index fiber has a parabolic refractive index profile (α=2) and core diameter of 42μm. Estimate an insertion loss due to a 2 μm lateral misalignment when there is index matching and assuming there is uniform illumination of all guided modes only.